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Within the paper the analysis of surface run off in the specific area of urban catchment is presented. The measurement data are coming from seven meteorological stations from Vanvouver region close to the Fraser River mouth in British Columbia, Canada. It was showed that the largest influence of precipitatio non surface run off is in winter respectively in December and January, whereas in other month...
The clay soils in the hydraulic barriers also act as an important medium for the attenuation of some contaminants due to sorption. The sorptivity of soils effect significanly the contaminant transport mechanism in landfill subsoils. In order to check the sorptivity of soils in two landfills, at Łuków and Marki, soil column tests were carried out. The test resuls of Łuków silty clay indicated that...
The paper presents the estimation of the accuracy of the air temperature measurement at an automatic meteorogical station in Ursynów-SGGW. Air temperature measured with a station thermometer were compared to automatic records - a resistant thermometer (Tab. 1). Moreover, this paper presents an attempt to measure statistically significant of the difference between air temperature in Ursynów-SGGW and...
The purpose of the paper was the examination of correlation between actual soil moisture (wgt%, vol%, relative humidity) determined by measurements method for black earth ploughing topsoil and Lambor’s anterior precipitation index (IL). The black earth is characterised of large level of water retention, therefore the anterior precipitation index does not reflect actual soil moisture in certain periods;...
Analytical model of groundwater level rice due to irrigation was presented. The proposed formulas allow to determine the depth of groundwater level for given time intervals.
The effect of meteorological parameters on conditions of air pollution in Olsztyn. In the paper analysed connection between the most often contaminative substance (CO, NOx, SO2 and concetrated dust) and basic meteorological parameters (temperature, relative humidity, air-pressure, wind velocity and solar radiation). The study conducted on five measuring point situated in Olsztyn from the winter cycle...
The aim of the paper was to characterize the degree of the state of the sky in Pomerania and its time and spatial variability. The average yearly state of the cloudiness in the years 1971-2000 amounted to 5.2° in the scale 0-8°. May was the month of the least cloudiness amounting to 4.4° on average and December was the month of the largest cloudiness equalling 6.0°. There were about 40 clear days...
Results of analysis based on theoretical and empirical equations for determination of fall velocity in stagnant water for rive r’s sandy grains are presented in the paper. Based on investigation results of Albertson (1953) equations (6)-(8) for drag coefficient Cx = f(Re) of grain with different shape factor ψ = 1,0, 0,7 and 0,5 have been developed. Equations (6)-(8) are valid in transitional regime...
In the paper some problents connected with measurement of the heat flux density in soil using heat flux plate are presented. Differentiation of the temperature gradient across the plate and in soil layer as well as the relation between values of heat flux front plate and these obtained by temperature gradient method during laboratory experiments are demonstrated. The effect of Philip’s method application...
Mountain streams crossing an urban area have typical for communication and hydraulic structures such as small bridges, foot-bridges, culverts, outlets of drains etc. Their construction and location can act on flow capacity. In this paper an estimation of hydraulic conditions of three mountain streams is presented. There are Ryta, Rzyczanka and Porębski creeks crossing by the Andrychów municipality...
Analytical model of groundwater level lowering after the end of irrigation was described. According to the model proposed the rate of water lowering can be determined. The model was applied for analysis of groundwater flow in subsoil consisted of two layers: permeable and impermeable.
In the article, authors presents an example of delimitation methods of elementary homogeneous spatial units which influence small water circle (in local scale) in Raszynka catchment area up to Dawidy profile. The units are called in ecophysiography: phisiotops, geomorphotops and morphotops. They are identified according to homogeneity of environmental components or system of several components. Physiotops...
Turbulence intensity of the stream has a great effect on process of local bed erosions of a river. Quantative qualification of this effect is not settled yet. Author performed laboratory experiments on two models of dam in various scales. The final aim of the experiments is recognition of mechanism forming of local bed scours what bases on measurement of local flow velocity below hydraulic jump. This...
The paper presents results of investigations conducted on models of the dam in two scale with basin and horizontal bed protection. Range of investigations contained measurements of temporal velocity at a points on length of the channel below the bed protection. The measurements were conducted for two cases. The first consisted for measurements on flat and stable bed of channel and second for developing...
Technological wastewater and stormwater coming from bases of liquid fuels are characterized by considerable content of organics, suspended solids and oils. Location of such objects in protected areas requires reliable and high-effective treatment systems to remain the local environment in invariable sate. It can be reached by applying constructed wetland as a last step of wastewater treatment system...
For their primary treatment, in this paper, ten coagulants were used. The first examination was the so-called Jar-Test, by means of which the most potent agents i.e. Zetag 7635, Magnasol 5389 and PIX-113, respectively, were selected. Then, the efficiency of these coagulants in waste treatment was studied. Three main parameters: COD, amounts of hexane extractive substances and SO42-concentration were...
Motor vehicles release into the air NOx, which is 50-70% of all pollutants in the atmosphere of larger cities. Both car traffic and solar radiation vary in time and consequently variation of NOx concentration occur in diumal cycle and annual cycle. The paper presents introductory results of the analysis on distribution and the relationship between oxides of nitrogen concentration and the air temperature...
On the base of meteorological data obtained from Ostrołęka measure point (years 1951-2000), the agrometeorological characteristics of north-eastern part of Mazovia region were made. It was pointed out that this region seems to be classified as typical in Poland, but most thermal harsh all over Mazovia region. Mean average air temperature amounted (7,4°C ), but growing season lasted rather no so long,...
The paper presents meteorological data in the station Ursynów -WAU 1998 and characteristics of oxygen content (O2) in the air: means, maximum, minimum, range, standard deviation (Tab. 1, 2). Partial correlation coefficients of oxygen content in the air and temperature, vapour pressure, air pressure are: -0,998; -0,834; 0,999 for January and -0,999; -0,993; 0,997 for July.
The research was realized in the period from April 1998 to October 2003. Research showed different characteristics of reiationship between amount precipitation and reaction of precipitation for acid reaction and alkaline reaction. Degree of pH is positively related with amount precipitation in case of alkaline reaction and negatively related in case of acid reaction. Highest degree of correlation...
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